The Wayfarer, A Technical Revolution - 894 Words

The wayfarer, a technical revolution, design classic and resemblance of the American culture *miss ander woord?* You can explain the reason of this by looking at the cultural, technical en visual aspects throughout the history of the wayfarer. Before ... into the wayfarer, it is good to have some understanding of the history of the brand. Ray-ban a 77 year old eye-wear brand who is responsible for some of the most iconic eye-wear design ever. It is currently owned by the Italian Luxottica group before it was under the wings of Bausch Lomb. It all started in 1920 when pilot Shorty Schroeder broke the hight-record. This flight gave him a permanent eye injury. His friend, who helped him out of the cockpit approached Bausch and lomb to create a pair of sunglasses which protect the eyes but leaves the sight intact. The result of this was the first prototype called the anti-clare. A year later the name changed to one of the two most famous designs: The aviator. Which was ... adopted by the United States Army Air Corps. (The cultural influence of ray-ban, 2014) To the succes of the Aviator Bausch and Lomb introduced it commercially in 1936, a year later the lens name was changed to ray-ban. This is where ray-ban was born, and the name is referring to the purpose of the sunglasses: A sunglass which bans sun-rays. (..........) as you can see, slowly the change was made from militair functionality to a life-style brand as it is known for today. The first remarkable example of the

Dollar Diplomacy Definition and Examples

Dollar diplomacy is the term applied to American foreign policy under President William Howard Taft and his secretary of state, Philander C. Knox, to ensure the financial stability of Latin American and East Asian countries, while also expanding U.S. commercial interests in those regions. In his State of the Union Address on December 3, 1912, Taft characterized his policy as â€Å"substituting dollars for bullets.† Despite some successes, dollar diplomacy failed to prevent economic instability and revolution in countries like Mexico, the Dominican Republic, Nicaragua, and China. Today the term is used disparagingly to refer to the reckless manipulation of foreign affairs for protectionist financial purposes. Key Takeaways Dollar diplomacy refers to the U.S. foreign policy created by President William Howard Taft and Secretary of State Philander C. Knox in 1912.Dollar Diplomacy sought to bolster the struggling economies of Latin American and East Asian countries while also expanding U.S. commercial interests in those regions.U.S. interference in Nicaragua, China, and Mexico in order to protect American interests are examples of dollar diplomacy in action. Despite some successes, dollar diplomacy failed to achieve its goals, resulting in the term being used negatively today. American Foreign Policy in the Early 1900s During the early 1900s, the U.S. government largely abandoned its isolationist policies of the 1800s in favor of using its growing military and economic power to pursue its foreign policy goals. In the 1899 Spanish-American War, the U.S. took control of the former Spanish colonies of Puerto Rico and the Philippines, and also increased its influence over Cuba. Taking office in 1901, President Theodore Roosevelt saw no conflict between what his critics called American imperialism and demands by political progressives for social reform at home. In fact, to Roosevelt, control of new colonies represented a way to advance the American progressive agenda throughout the Western Hemisphere.    In 1901, Roosevelt moved to build—and control—the Panama Canal. To gain control of needed land, Roosevelt supported an â€Å"independence movement† in Panama resulting in the reorganization of the government under a pro-canal American sympathizer. In 1904, the Dominican Republic was unable to pay back loans from several European countries. To prevent possible European military action, Roosevelt toughened the Monroe Doctrine of 1824 with his â€Å"Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine,† which stated that the United States would use military force in order to restore order, stability, and economic prosperity in other nations of the Western Hemisphere. Along with weakening European influence in Latin America, Roosevelt’s corollary further established the U.S. as the world’s â€Å"policeman.†Ã‚   Roosevelt’s foreign policy of â€Å"confident intervention† was not limited to Latin America. In 1905, he won the Nobel Peace Prize for leading negotiations that ended the first Russo-Japanese War. Despite these apparent successes, the backlash from the anti-American violence of the Philippine-American War drove Roosevelt’s progressive critics to oppose U.S. military intervention in foreign affairs. Taft Introduces His Dollar Diplomacy In 1910, President Taft’s first year in office, the Mexican Revolution threatened U.S. business interests. It was in this atmosphere that Taft—with less of Roosevelt’s militaristic â€Å"carry a big stick† bluster, proposed his â€Å"dollar diplomacy† in an attempt to protect U.S. corporate interests around the globe. William Howard Taft Campaigns from a Train. Bettman / Getty Images Nicaragua While he stressed peaceful intervention, Taft did not hesitate to use military force when a Central American nation resisted his dollar diplomacy. When Nicaraguan rebels attempted to overthrow the American-friendly government of President Adolfo Dà ­az, Taft sent warships carrying 2,000 U.S. Marines to the region to put down the insurrection. The rebellion was suppressed, its leaders were deported, and a contingent of Marines remained in Nicaragua until 1925 to â€Å"stabilize† the government. Mexico In 1912, Mexico planned to allow Japanese corporations to purchase land in the Mexican state of Baja California, which included Magdalena Bay. Fearing that Japan might use Magdalena Bay as a naval base, Taft objected. U.S. Senator Henry Cabot Lodge secured passage of the Lodge Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine, stating that the U.S. would prevent any foreign government—or business—from acquiring territory anywhere in the Western Hemisphere that might give that government â€Å"practical power of control.† Faced with the Lodge Corollary, Mexico abandoned its plans. China Taft then tried to help China withstand Japan’s increasing military presence. At first, he succeeded by helping China secure international loans to expand its railroad system. However, when he tried to help American businesses become involved in Manchuria, Japan and Russia—having won shared control of the area in the Russo-Japanese War—were outraged and Taft’s plan collapsed. This failure of dollar diplomacy exposed the limitations of the U.S. government’s global influence and knowledge of international diplomacy. Impact and Legacy While it was less dependent on military intervention than Theodore Roosevelt’s foreign policy, Taft’s dollar diplomacy did the United States more harm than good. Still plagued by foreign debt, the Central American countries came to resent U.S. interference, fostering anti-American nationalist movements. In Asia, Taft’s failure to resolve the conflict between China and Japan over Manchuria further heightened tensions between Japan and the United States, while allowing Japan to build its military power throughout the region. Aware of the failure of the dollar diplomacy, the Taft administration had abandoned it by the time President Woodrow Wilson, took office in March 1913. While he attempted to maintain U.S. supremacy in Central America, Wilson repudiated dollar diplomacy, replacing it with his â€Å"moral diplomacy,† which offered U.S. support only to countries that shared American ideals. Sources and Further Reference â€Å"Dollar Diplomacy, 1909-1913.† U.S. Department of State. Langley, Lester D. â€Å".†The Banana Wars: United States Intervention in the Caribbean, 1898–1934 Rowman Littlefield Publishers (2001). Beede, Benjamin. â€Å"The War of 1898 and U.S. Interventions, 1898 to 1934.† p. 376. Books.google.com.Bailey, Thomas A. (1933). â€Å".†The Lodge Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine The Academy of Political Science

Abstract Expressionism And Dada - 873 Words

Art is a reflection of society and the First and Second World Wars, two major international conflicts that dominated the world affairs and culture of the times, are reflected in the art of their respective time periods. Dada was the primary art movement in response to World War One, while Abstract Expressionism was in response to World War Two. Dada was an art movement launched in protest to the political, social, and cultural norms that were thought to have caused the war by its disillusioned creators. Dubbed the â€Å"anti-art movement†, Dada works were irrational and outrageous. More emphasis was placed on the politically charged messages inherent in Dada works than the aesthetics. Abstract Expressionism is viewed as the first purely†¦show more content†¦In a world full of propaganda, one was expected to support the state. One could not voice their opinions to the contrary, at least not publicly. The dull, lifeless, expressionless head emphasizes this. The Meaning of the Hitler Salute serves as a critique of the hypocrisy of Hitler secretly receiving political donations from corporations while preaching about populism and how the German working class was unfairly treated. Photomontage, a common medium in Dada, is utilized in this work. The scale is very important in this work as big business is presented as looming over Hitler. The Nazi party’s hand gesture was seen as powerful and the fact that it is turned into a hand accepting money is mocking this. Other Dada works, such as Marcel Duchamp’s Fountain and L.H.O.O.Q., are not nearly as politically charged in their content but the context behind the Dada movement remains the same. Regardless of the subject matter, Dada’s purpose was to reflect the absurdity of the war. While on the surface Jackson Pollock’s gestural paintings, such as Number 1, 1948 and Shimmering Substance, might not seem to reflect the time period they very much do. The colorful, abstract, and highly emotional Abstract Expressionist movement was a reflection of the anxious and depressing mindset of the era. Even when the war ended in 1945 there was still a lot of emotions such as uncertainty and downright disgust about the events that had just transpired. AbstractShow MoreRelatedThe Influence of Dadaism on Surrealism and Abstract Expressionism1175 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿TOPIC: IMAGINATION VALUES ORDER ID: A2098372 The Influence of Dadaism on Surrealism and Abstract Expressionism When the groundbreaking philosophers of psychology, Sigmund Freud and Karl Jung, presented the world with their ideas about the subconscious, they prompted a surge of human introspection. 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Code of Ethics in Engineering for Humanity - MyAssignmenthelp

Questions: 1.What is engineering? 2.What are the Code of Ethics in Engineering? 3.What is professionalism in engineering? 4.What else is considered in these codes of ethics? Answers: 1. Engineering is the innovative procedure of creating and using the experience and knowledge of humanity to provide safety, wellbeing and health to all individuals in society, with due concern to the surroundings in which they live and the availability of the resources they use (Lollino, 2014). Individuals in the Organization of Engineers, Australia are bound by similar values to support engineering and enhance its knowledge for the greater good based upon certain principles. This values include; competent performance, innovative practice, engineering excellence, sustainable development, equality of opportunity, and social justice. The society entrusts its integrity and decision of individuals to enhance the above ethics and to work in a professional way that focuses on the interests of the society above personal or sectional interests (Cameron O'Leary 2015). 2. The code of Ethics gives a list of guidelines which have been stipulated by the board of the organisation as the basis upon which individuals shall perform their work in order to gain the trust of the community. In addition, it is the structure from which principles of conduct are created. Over time, this code of ethics are subject to changes. Therefore, it is important to periodically inform the society about the changes in the code of ethics. In 1994, there was a revision of the code of ethics that enhanced changes in perceptions of the society and the greater responsibility of the organisation in peoples activities (Stappenbelt 2013).The principle has a part which gives specific guidelines on the applicability of the values to manage the needs of the communities. According to Whitebeck, members are supposed to follow the guidelines as highlighted in order to be involved in the activities of the institution. Most importantly, all participants are supposed to provide continuous s upport to the proper control of practice, employment and qualifications in engineering (Whitebeck, 2015). It is significant to note that the members working according to the guidelines are supported fully by the Institution (Harris, 2015). The extent of the support will depend on the Councils decision on the achievements of every case. 3. Harris suggests that Engineers working as self-employed consultants are usually dependent on the decision of the clients and that decision is determined on how they perceived in order to work according to the requirements of the client (Harris, 2015). Hence, engineers who do not work according to the clients instructions are less likely to be given contracts in future. In most areas the number of potential clients is minimal and consultants facing problems due to social responsibility will easily be identified. Moreover, if an engineer suspects that the project does not affect the health, welfare, and safety of the society they have an obligation to work on the project unless themselves would negatively impacted by the project. However, engineers are expected to work according to the interests of the community. At a minimal level, the code of ethics should limit an engineer from creating a good Engineering Information System (EIS) for the employer if there is a possibility of enda ngering the welfare of the community. If the engineers entirely depend on ethical values for moral reasoning then there is no doubt that they should consider the interest of their clients in creating an EIS unless they will be directly impacted by the project. This is because majority of the engineering principles also include a tenet that requires them to use their knowledge and skills according to the instructions of the employer (Oladinrin Ho 2014). The code of ethics does not include the environment in the tenet which has contributed to an ongoing debate with the Australian Institution of Engineers. This leaves the contracted engineers to make a decision on whether environmental protection is an important part of society welfare. Regarding their responsibility in creating EISs, majority of engineering contractors highlight a different form of moral reasoning, they suggest that they have integrity and hence their EIS report are not only focused on the client. In general, engineering code of ethics tenets. For instanc e, all engineers are required to act with honesty, good faith and fairness. However, most contractors creating an EIS will not consider making a decision based on scientific credibility as being dishonest and unfair. It is common to find most engineers manipulating an EIS in order to provide a reasonable outcome and that they are mostly concerned with integrity than ethical behavior. Therefore, engineering consultants than attain a reputation with the community for distorting and manipulating an EIS will affect those clients who want to gain community approval for their construction (Baillie Levine 2013). On the contrary, contractors who create an EIS that gives the community an opportunity to reject the project would not get more work in future. Integrity for engineering contractors involves being careful while preparing a favourable EIS without biasness on both parties. This means that you should be within the range of scientific credibility (Cropley 2014). 4. Additionally, emphasizing on individuals ethics, which is a professional code, tends to focus on ethics that surrounds single projects. In particular, an EIS targets individual projects which has a minimal impact on the environment. Mostly it is the continued effect of such construction that deteriorates the environment. Hence, a contractor working on a certain EIS may feel guaranteed that the project will not impact the environment, therefore, it is important for the engineer to be aware of cumulative effect of those projects. Clearly, the institution of Engineers, Australia have doubts that this possible (Dyehouse, 2017). They have highlighted that EISs cannot estimate the additional effects of projects on the environment and that it was wrong to consider the Environmental impact assessment to assess the long-term sustainability problems. To conclude, an EIS is not an accurate tool for assessing environmental affects and excessive environmental problems does not suggest that the project will not be commissioned. Furthermore, the ethic of sustainable development is that development which meets the current needs without affecting the ability of future individuals to meet their own needs. References Abdul-Rahman, H., Hanid, M., Yap, X. W. (2014). Does professional ethics affect quality of constructiona case in a developing economy?. Total Quality Management Business Excellence, 25(3-4), 235-248. Baillie, C., Levine, M. (2013). Engineering ethics from a justice perspective: A critical repositioning of what it means to be an engineer. International Journal of Engineering, Social Justice, and Peace, 2(1), 10-20. Cameron, R. A., O'Leary, C. (2015). Improving ethical attitudes or simply teaching ethical codes? The reality of accounting ethics education. Accounting Education, 24(4), 275-290. Whitbeck, C. (2011). Ethics in engineering practice and research. Cambridge University Press. Stappenbelt, B. (2013). Ethics in engineering: Student perceptions and their professional identity development. Journal of Technology and Science Education, 3(1), 3-10. Oladinrin, T. O., Ho, C. M. F. (2014). Strategies for improving codes of ethics implementation in construction organizations. Project Management Journal, 45(5), 15-26. Lollino, G., Arattano, M., Giardino, M., Oliveira, R., Peppoloni, S. (2014). Engineering Geology for Society and TerritoryVolume 7. Springer International Publishing. Behm, M., Culvenor, J., Dixon, G. (2014). Development of safe design thinking among engineering students. Safety science, 63, 1-7. Harris, H. (2015). The Influence of Professional Associations on Organizational Ethics: The Case of Veterinarians. In The Ethical Contribution of Organizations to Society (pp. 161-175). Emerald Group Publishing Limited. Dyehouse, M., Weber, N., Fang, J., Harris, C., David, R., Hua, I., Strobel, J. (2017). Examining the relationship between resistance to change and undergraduate engineering students environmental knowledge and attitudes. Studies in Higher Education, 42(2), 390-409. Cropley, D. H. (2014). Engineering, ethics and creativity: Ner the twain shall meet. The ethics of creativity, 152-169. Ho, C. M. F. (2014). Strategies for improving codes of ethics implementation in construction organizations. Ethics.